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Long-term wildfire effect on nutrient distribution in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) biomass
 
 
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Institute of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Polska
 
 
Submission date: 2022-02-23
 
 
Final revision date: 2022-05-04
 
 
Acceptance date: 2022-05-10
 
 
Online publication date: 2022-05-10
 
 
Corresponding author
Beata Rustowska   

Institute of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Polska
 
 
Soil Sci. Ann., 2022, 73(2)149943
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of wildfire on nutrient distribution in a silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) biomass. Two stands (post-fire and control) of the same age (27 years) were studied in the Cierpiszewo Forest District (central Poland). The stands were located on Brunic Arenosols developed from aeolian sands. The soil and birches were sampled in 10 replicates per stand. The soil samples were taken from depths of 0–10, 10–20, 20–40 and 20–40 cm using a corer. Samples of fine roots, coarse roots, stem wood, stem bark, coarse branches, fine branches and leaves were taken from the trees. The basic soil characteristics were determined using standard procedures. In addition, the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) contents were analyzed in the soil and biomass samples. The soils were strongly acidic and poor in the studied elements. The nutrient content in the biomass varied strongly among the organs. The most abundant elemental contents were usually in the leaves, followed by the fine roots and fine branches or bark. The lowest nutrient contents occurred in the stemwood. Statistically significant differences were recorded between the post-fire and control stands for some elements. There were higher P, K and Zn contents in most of the biomass fractions in the post-fire stand, as well as Mg and Mn in the roots and stemwood. The control stand had mostly higher contents of N and Ca. The effects of fire on the Fe and Cu accumulations varied among the organs and was not clear for S. Generally, birch showed the highest bioaccumulation intensity for N and the lowest for Fe. Among all the studied nutrients, the bioaccumulation factors were usually the highest in the leaves and the lowest in the stemwood. It can be concluded that fire is an important factor in influencing nutrient management in silver birch stands, even a few decades after its occurrence.
 
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