Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the sorptive and air-water properties of alluvial soils of the Vistula and Pasłęka deltas, typologically differentiated in terms of habitat conditions, and to determine their agricultural values. Typical ordinary alluvial soils, humic ordinary alluvial soils, and typical brown alluvial soils were developed from loam, sandy loam and silty clay loam and were located in the oldest part of Żuławy, i.e. ‘high’ Żuławy (from + 2.5 to + 10.0 m a.s.l.). Typical chernozemic alluvial soils and gleyic chernozemic alluvial soils were formed mainly from silt clay, silt loam and clay loam. They were located mainly in the area of ‘transitional’ Żuławy (from 0.0 to + 2.5 m a.s.l.), ‘low’ Żuławy (less than 0.0 m a.s.l.) and in the Pasłęka delta. Chernozemic alluvial soils had greater cation exchange capacity, including base cations, than brown and ordinary alluvial soils. The least favorable air-water relationships were found in ordinary alluvial soils. The volume of macropores in arable horizons of these soils ranged from 3.1% to 4.5%. The ratio of macro- to meso- and micropores was wide: 1: 4.0-5.5: 3.6-5.4, while in chernozemic alluvial soils it was 1: 1.8-2.9: 2.5-3.8. The most favorable air-water relationships were found in arable horizons of typical brown alluvial soils, in which the macro- to meso- and micropores ratio was 1.0: 1.9: 0.7. Ordinary and brown alluvial soils were of ‘high’ Żuławy were properly or periodically excessively moist, and they are mainly classified as good and medium good arable soils, class RIIIa and RIIIb, of the good wheat soil-agricultural complex. The chernozemic alluvial soils of ‘depressive’ Żuławy were periodically excessively moist, periodically wet, or permanently wet in the depressive parts of the land. These soils are mainly classified as arable soils medium good, class RIIIb and medium value arable soils, classes RIVa and RIVb, of good wheat soil-agricultural complex and strong forage soil-agricultural complex. The alluvial soils particularly rich in fine silt and clay fractions (over 60%) in depressive areas should be used as permanent grasslands. The conducted research has shown that the soil conditions in the delta areas of the Vistula and Pasłęka river mouths are closely related to the origin and land hypsometry, which differentiates the water conditions, the grain size of soil formations, their type and thickness.