ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of Biosolvent-assisted leaching on soil chemical and biological properties in saline irrigated soils in Uzbekistan
1
Tashkent State Agrarian University, Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, Tashkent 100140, Uzbekistan
2
National University of Uzbekistan, Department of Natural Compounds and Applied Chemistry, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
3
Tashkent State Medical University, 100109 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4
Tashkent Branch of Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology, 100117 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
5
Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemical Research, 100179 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
6
Fergana State University, Department of Soil Science, 150100 Fergana, Uzbekistan
7
National University of Uzbekistan, Department of Soil Science, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
8
Fergana State University, Department of Horticulture and Vegetable Growing, 150100 Fergana, Uzbekistan
Submission date: 2026-04-27
Final revision date: 2026-08-11
Acceptance date: 2026-10-09
Online publication date: 2026-10-09
Publication date: 2026-10-09
Corresponding author
Malika Mamasolieva
Department of Soil science, National Universitet of Uzbekistan, Students, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Department of Soil science, National Universitet of Uzbekistan, Students, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Soil Sci. Ann., 2026, 77(3)241604
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Soil salinity is one of the most serious constraints limiting soil fertility, nutrient availability, and microbial functioning in irrigated agroecosystems of arid and semi-arid regions. Sustainable technologies that enhance salt removal while minimizing water use are urgently needed for the rehabilitation of degraded soils. This study assessed the effectiveness of Biosolvent-assisted leaching in improving soil chemical characteristics, biological activity, and nutrient status in saline irrigated soils. A field experiment was conducted in the Bukhara region of Uzbekistan using a randomized complete block design with two treatments: conventional water-only leaching (control) and Biosolvent-assisted leaching. Soil samples were collected from different depths following treatment application. Standard analytical procedures were used to determine electrical conductivity (EC), soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable sodium, soil organic carbon, macro-nutrient availability, microbial abundance, and key soil enzyme activities. Treatment effects were evaluated using appropriate statistical analyses. Biosolvent-assisted leaching significantly improved soil chemical properties compared with the conventional treatment. Total sodium content decreased by approximately 23%, while EC declined by 0.45–0.50 dS m⁻¹ despite 40–50% lower water consumption. CEC increased, indicating improved ion exchange capacity, whereas soil pH decreased slightly toward more favorable conditions. Biological parameters also showed substantial enhancement. Populations of cellulose-degrading, phosphate-solubilizing, and nitrifying microorganisms increased by 1.32–1.45-fold relative to the control. Enzyme activities associated with nutrient cycling were significantly stimulated, including dehydrogenase (+17%), urease (+11%), and alkaline phosphatase (+35%). These improvements were accompanied by increases in total and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as higher soil organic carbon content. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Biosolvent-assisted leaching simultaneously enhances desalination efficiency, conserves irrigation water, and improves soil biological quality. This approach represents a sustainable and environmentally compatible strategy for reclaiming saline irrigated soils in water-scarce regions. Its wider application could contribute to long-term soil productivity, improved nutrient cycling, and greater resilience of irrigated agricultural systems.
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