PRACA ORYGINALNA
Właściwości chemiczne gleby po ponad 55 latach zróżnicowanego nawożenia i zmianowania roślin
1
Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Biometry, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Data nadesłania: 11-06-2025
Data ostatniej rewizji: 11-09-2025
Data akceptacji: 01-11-2025
Data publikacji online: 01-11-2025
Data publikacji: 01-11-2025
Autor do korespondencji
Irena Suwara
Instytut Rolnictwa. Katedra Agronomii, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland, Polska
Instytut Rolnictwa. Katedra Agronomii, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland, Polska
Soil Sci. Ann., 2025, 76(3)213837
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
Nawożenie mineralneNawożenie obornikiemRośliny strączkoweWieloletnie doświadczenie poloweZmianowanie
STRESZCZENIE
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości chemicznych gleb, takich jak pH gleby oraz zawartość azotu ogólnego (Nt), przyswajalnych form fosforu (P) i potasu (K) oraz mikroelementów (manganu (Mn), miedzi (Cu), cynku (Zn) i żelaza (Fe)) uzyskanych po ponad 55 latach stosowania nawożenia wyłącznie mineralnego (NPK), organicznego (OB) i obornikiem łącznie z nawozami mineralnymi (½ NPK + ½ OB) w dwóch zmianowaniach: zmianowaniu bez koniczyny czerwonej (burak cukrowy - jęczmień jary - rzepak ozimy - pszenica ozima) oraz zmianowaniu norfolskim z koniczyną czerwoną (burak cukrowy - jęczmień jary z wsiewką koniczyny czerwonej - koniczyna czerwona - pszenica ozima). Badania te oparto na dwóch wieloletnich statycznych doświadczeniach polowych założonych w 1955 roku na czarnej ziemi wyługowanej wytworzonej z gliny zwałowej lekkiej, pylastej i odgórnie spiaszczonej (według World References Base for Soil Resources WRB - Endogleyic Phaeozems) w Stacji Doświadczalnej SGGW (52o06’N, 20o33’E). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że zmianowanie z koniczyną czerwoną oraz wieloletnie zróżnicowane nawożenie wpływają na właściwości chemiczne gleby. Po ponad 55 latach gleba w zmianowaniu z rośliną bobowatą charakteryzowała się istotnie wyższą kwasowością i zawartością azotu ogólnego (pH 5,7, Nt 0,76 g kg-1) niż na poletkach bez rośliny bobowatej (pH 6,2, Nt 0,66 g kg-1). Zmianowanie z koniczyną czerwoną zapewniło również większą zawartość przyswajalnych mikroelementów (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe) w glebie, ale spowodowało około 30% obniżenie zawartości przyswajalnego fosforu (P) i potasu (K) w glebie w porównaniu do zmianowania bez rośliny bobowatej. Odnotowano korzystny wpływ stosowania obornika na pH gleby, na zwiększenie zawartości azotu ogólnego, zawartości przyswajalnego fosforu (P), potasu (K), manganu (Mn) i cynku (Zn).
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| eISSN: | 2300-4975 |
| ISSN: | 2300-4967 |
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