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PRACA PRZEGLĄDOWA
Rozpuszczona materia organiczna w glebach rolniczych
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Polska
 
 
Data nadesłania: 27-07-2020
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 29-10-2020
 
 
Data akceptacji: 07-01-2021
 
 
Data publikacji online: 19-02-2021
 
 
Data publikacji: 19-02-2021
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Bożena Smreczak   

Department of Soil science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Polska
 
 
Soil Sci. Ann., 2021, 72(1)132234
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie aktualnej wiedzy na temat pochodzenia, budowy chemicznej, składu chemicznego, oraz czynników wpływających na obieg rozpuszczalnej materii organicznej (RMO) w glebach rolniczych jak również jej roli w prawidłowym funkcjonowaniu agroekosystemów. RMO jest definiowana operacyjnie jako frakcja materii organicznej gleb ekstrahowana z zastosowaniem wody lub innych roztworów ekstrakcyjnych, przechodząca przez filtr φ<0,45 µm. RMO) jest uważana za jeden z wskaźników najbardziej wrażliwych na zmiany zachodzące w środowisku glebowym. Jest dynamicznym i aktywnym składnikiem gleby, ponieważ stanowi źródło łatwo przyswajalnych składników pokarmowych i węgla dla drobnoustrojów glebowych oraz innych organizmów żywych, uczestniczy w procesach glebotwórczych, transportuje składniki odżywcze i zanieczyszczenia w głąb profilu glebowego oraz wpływa na tworzenie się struktury agregatowej gleb. Zawartość i aktywność RMO w środowisku glebowym jest uwarunkowana wieloma czynnikami chemicznymi, fizycznymi i biologicznymi oraz warunkami klimatycznymi i działalnością rolniczą. Pomimo, że w poprzednich dziesięcioleciach rola RMO w środowisku przyrodniczym była przedmiotem wielu prac naukowych, jednak zainteresowania badawcze koncentrowały się głównie wokół gleb leśnych i zbiorników wodnych, natomiast mniej uwagi poświęcano funkcji RMO w glebach rolniczych. Nowe wyzwania stojące przed rolnictwem, związane z ochroną funkcji, które wpływają na usługi ekosystemowe gleb, łagodzenie zmian klimatycznych, w tym sekwestracja węgla organicznego, wskazują na DOM jako potencjalny czynnik umożliwiający osiągnięcie tych celów.
 
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