PL EN
PRACA ORYGINALNA
Wpływ procesu starzenia (ageing) na uwalnianie arsenu do roztworu glebowego i związaną z tym ekotoksyczność w oparciu o test kiełkowania nasion
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Instytut Agroekologii i Produkcji Roślinnej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Polska
 
2
Instytut Nauk o Glebie, Żywienia Roślin i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Polska
 
3
Katedra Botaniki i Ekologii Roślin, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Polska
 
 
Data nadesłania: 04-04-2023
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 17-05-2023
 
 
Data akceptacji: 02-07-2023
 
 
Data publikacji online: 02-07-2023
 
 
Data publikacji: 08-09-2023
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Anna Karczewska   

Instytut Nauk o Glebie, Żywienia Roślin i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, ul. Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357, Wrocław, Polska
 
 
Soil Sci. Ann., 2023, 74(2)169158
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Efekty fitotoksyczności powodowane przez substancje stanowiące zanieczyszczenia gleb zależą zarówno od ich całkowitych stężeń jak też od ich form, zwłaszcza tych, które mogą być łatwo uwalniane do roztworu glebowego. Zanieczyszczenia wprowadzone do gleby w formach łatwo rozpuszczalnych w wodzie ulegają różnym przemianom określanym terminem “starzenie się”, co skutkuje zmniejszeniem się ich rozpuszczalności i toksyczności. W niniejszej pracy badaliśmy dynamikę takich zmian w kontrolowanych w warunkach, w doświadczeniu inkubacyjnym. Do dwóch stosunkowo lekkich gleb, o różnym uziarnieniu (piasku gliniastego i gliny piaszczystej), i trzech różnych przedziałach pH, wprowadzony został roztwór wodny arsenianu sodu w różnych ilościach, tak że uzyskano stężenia As w glebach do 1000 mg kg-1. Gleby inkubowano w warunkach stałej wilgotności (odpowiadającej 80% polowej pojemności wodnej) przez trzy miesiące. Badano dynamikę zmian podatności As na ekstrakcję wodą. Fitotoksyczność As oceniano w oparciu o ograniczenie kiełkowania nasion dwóch różnych gatunków roślin: gorczycy białej i kostrzewy czerwonej. Wykazano, że proces immobilizacji As w lekkich glebach mineralnych, ubogich w materię organiczną, przebiegał szybko, a stężenia rozpuszczalnego As w tych glebach zmniejszyły się znacząco w ciągu pierwszego tygodnia inkubacji. Dynamika tych zmian zależała od właściwości gleb i pH, a immobilizacja As była najskuteczniejsza w warunkach odczynu kwaśnego. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic między toksycznością As w stosunku do obu testowanych gatunków roślin, ocenianą w oparciu o test kiełkowania. Efektywne stężenie łatwo rozpuszczalnego As w glebach, które powodowało spadek liczby kiełkujących nasion o 50%, oszacowano na poziomie około 100 mg kg-1. Uzyskane wyniki stanowią bazę odniesienia dla dalszych doświadczeń z glebami sztucznie zanieczyszczonymi i będą wykorzystane do badania mechanizmów wiązania As w glebach.
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